A Review on The Role of Breeding for Stem Rust Disease Resistance in Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a key grain crop that serves for foods worldwide. It involves in developing countries is rising in recent decades and is predicted to realize 60% through 2050. However, the present erupt of a latest wheat stem rust race proficient of parasitizing many commercial wheat cultivars shows the superior breeding flow closer to the utilization of quantitative disease resistance genes and resistance gene pyramids have gotten accustomed warfare wheat stem rust and different diseases. The objective of this review is to brief the role of breeding to stem rust resistance wheat variety development everywhere the globe. The advancement in thoughtfulness on the molecular foundation of disease resistance at both host and non-host planes put forwards for further possibilities of stem rust resistance variety development by using biotechnological approaches. Nearly 58 stem rust resistance (Sr) genes are identified. together with these genes, a minimum of 27 genes, including Sr27, Sr28, Sr32, Sr33, Sr35, Sr36, Sr37, Sr39, Sr40, Sr42, Sr44, Sr45, Sr46, Sr47, Sr51, Sr52, Sr53, Sr55 (Lr67/Yr46/ Pm46) and (Lr46/Yr29/Pm39), are effectual or partially effective against the Ug99 race group.

Keywords:Ug99; Resistance gene; Gene pyramiding; Avirulence; Gene silencing; Combating stem rust; Sr-gene